Solvent effects in catalysis: rational improvements of catalysts via manipulation of solvent interactions

synthesis of sulfides from alcohols and thiols in solvent-freeconditions and deoxygenation of sulfoxides

کاتالیست یک سنتز جدید برای تیواترها توصیف شده است. واکنش الکل ها با آریل، هتروآریل و آلکیل تیو ل ها درحضور 1،3،5- تری آزو- 2،4،6- تری فسفرین-2،2،4،4،6،6 هگزاکلراید ((tapc به عنوان یک کاتالیست موُثر، بازده های خوب تا عالی از تیواترها را حاصل می کند. علاوه براین، واکنش تحت شرایط بدون فلز و بدون حلال پیش می رود، بنابراین یک مکمل جالب برای روش های شناخته شده سنتز تیواترها ارائه می دهد. یک مکانیسم ا...

Ion-Solvent and Solvent-Solvent Interactions. X-ray Study of Aqueous Alkali Chloride Solutions

The first neighbour model, FNM, used frequently for the description of hydration has been modified by dropping the assumption that the structure of the "free" solvent is identical with that of the pure solvent. The modified model, FNM2, reproduces the experimental X-ray structure functions of alkali chloride solutions quite well and enables the study of perturbed solventsolvent interactions. Th...

Protein-solvent interactions.

The central importance of solvent interactions in stabilization of specific protein structure has long been recognized. Decades ago, Tanford and Kirkwood treated in detail the interaction of charges with solvent, and they showed how desolvation/burial of charges upon protein folding was an important factor in stability.1 The influence of their model, with further elaborations, can still be seen...

Partitioning of solvent effects and intrinsic interactions in biological recognition.

Solvent structure and hammerhead ribozyme catalysis.

Although the hammerhead ribozyme is regarded as a prototype for understanding RNA catalysis, the mechanistic roles of associated metal ions and water molecules in the cleavage reaction remain controversial. We have investigated the catalytic potential of observed divalent metal ions and water molecules bound to a 2 A structure of the full-length hammerhead ribozyme by using X-ray crystallograph...